Timeline · 27 entries

Treaty withdrawals, rescissions and rejoining: a timeline

This timeline lists dated changes of position recorded by the UN Secretary-General as treaty depositary. Each entry comes from a UN Treaty Collection status page or the treaty text. Under the Paris Agreement, a withdrawal takes effect one year after the depositary receives notice ⁵. The Vienna Convention sets at least twelve months' notice for treaties with no withdrawal clause ⁴. Rome Statute notices given in 2026 are shown as announced, with the scheduled date of effect ¹.

Last checked 7 November 2026

23 May 1969Historical
Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties adopted
The Convention, which sets the default rules on withdrawal and notice, was done at Vienna on 23 May 1969 ⁴.
27 January 1980Historical
Vienna Convention enters into force
The Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties entered into force on 27 January 1980 ⁴.
15 December 2011Historical
Canada gives notice to leave the Kyoto Protocol
Canada notified the Secretary-General under article 27(2) of the Kyoto Protocol of its decision to withdraw ³.
15 December 2012Historical
Canada's Kyoto withdrawal takes effect
The date of effect recorded for Canada's withdrawal from the Kyoto Protocol ³.
3 September 2016Historical
United States accepts the Paris Agreement
The United States deposited its instrument of acceptance, C.N.612.2016 ².
19 October 2016Historical
South Africa gives notice to leave the Rome Statute
South Africa notified its withdrawal under article 127(1), C.N.786.2016 ¹.
27 October 2016Historical
Burundi gives notice to leave the Rome Statute
Burundi notified its withdrawal, C.N.805.2016 ¹.
4 November 2016Historical
Paris Agreement enters into force
The Paris Agreement entered into force in accordance with its article 21(1) ².
10 November 2016Historical
The Gambia gives notice to leave the Rome Statute
The Gambia notified its withdrawal, C.N.862.2016 ¹.
10 February 2017Historical
The Gambia rescinds its notice
The Gambia notified the Secretary-General that it rescinded its notice of 10 November 2016, circulated as C.N.62.2017 on 16 February 2017 ¹.
7 March 2017Historical
South Africa revokes its notice
South Africa notified the revocation of its notice of 19 October 2016, C.N.121.2017 ¹.
27 October 2017Historical
Burundi's Rome Statute withdrawal takes effect
The date of effect recorded for Burundi's withdrawal ¹.
17 March 2018Historical
Philippines gives notice to leave the Rome Statute
The Philippines notified its withdrawal, C.N.138.2018 ¹.
17 March 2019Historical
Philippines' Rome Statute withdrawal takes effect
The date of effect recorded for the Philippines' withdrawal ¹.
4 November 2019Historical
United States gives notice to leave the Paris Agreement
The United States notified its decision to withdraw under article 28(1) and (2), C.N.575.2019 ².
4 November 2020Historical
First US Paris withdrawal takes effect
The United States withdrawal took effect one year after notice ².
20 January 2021Historical
United States rejoins the Paris Agreement
The United States deposited a new instrument of acceptance, C.N.10.2021 ².
2 July 2024Historical
Denmark withdraws its Greenland declaration
By a communication received on 2 July 2024, Denmark withdrew the declaration made on approval excluding Greenland from the Paris Agreement ².
27 January 2025Historical
United States gives a second Paris withdrawal notice
The United States notified its decision to withdraw again, C.N.71.2025 ².
2 June 2025Historical
Hungary gives notice to leave the Rome Statute
Hungary deposited a notice of withdrawal, C.N.225.2025 ¹.
27 January 2026In force
Second US Paris withdrawal takes effect
The withdrawal notified on 27 January 2025 took effect on 27 January 2026 ². The status page shows 194 parties ².
29 May 2026In force
Hungary withdraws its notice
Hungary notified the Secretary-General that it withdrew its notice of 2 June 2025, C.N.180.2026 ¹.
18 June 2026Announced
Niger gives notice to leave the Rome Statute
Niger notified its withdrawal, C.N.251.2026, with effect scheduled for 18 June 2027 ¹.
24 June 2026Announced
Burkina Faso and Mali give notice
Burkina Faso, C.N.263.2026, and Mali, C.N.264.2026, notified withdrawal, with effect scheduled for 24 June 2027 ¹.
24 July 2026Announced
Venezuela gives notice to leave the Rome Statute
Venezuela notified its withdrawal, C.N.298.2026, with effect scheduled for 24 July 2027 ¹.
27 July 2026Announced
Chad gives notice to leave the Rome Statute
Chad notified its withdrawal, C.N.291.2026, with effect scheduled for 27 July 2027 ¹.
23 September 2026Announced
Naoero gives notice to leave the Rome Statute
Naoero notified its withdrawal, C.N.378.2026, with effect scheduled for 23 September 2027 ¹.

Notes

Naoero is the name the UN Treaty Collection uses on the Rome Statute status page ¹.
A notice can be withdrawn before it takes effect, as The Gambia, South Africa and Hungary did ¹.
Article 56 of the Vienna Convention requires not less than twelve months' notice where a treaty has no withdrawal clause ⁴.

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Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties adopted

Vienna Convention enters into force

Canada gives notice to leave the Kyoto Protocol

Canada's Kyoto withdrawal takes effect

United States accepts the Paris Agreement

South Africa gives notice to leave the Rome Statute

Burundi gives notice to leave the Rome Statute

Paris Agreement enters into force

The Gambia gives notice to leave the Rome Statute

The Gambia rescinds its notice

South Africa revokes its notice

Burundi's Rome Statute withdrawal takes effect

Philippines gives notice to leave the Rome Statute

Philippines' Rome Statute withdrawal takes effect

United States gives notice to leave the Paris Agreement

First US Paris withdrawal takes effect

United States rejoins the Paris Agreement

Denmark withdraws its Greenland declaration

United States gives a second Paris withdrawal notice

Hungary gives notice to leave the Rome Statute

Second US Paris withdrawal takes effect

Hungary withdraws its notice

Niger gives notice to leave the Rome Statute

Burkina Faso and Mali give notice

Venezuela gives notice to leave the Rome Statute

Chad gives notice to leave the Rome Statute

Naoero gives notice to leave the Rome Statute

Notes

Sources